"$here\n$stat_real\n"); :un)?signed\s+)?int # a comment starts before $max_line_length $orig_desc = $1; if ($rawline=~/^\+\+\+\s+(\S+)/) { if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF", WARN("CONSIDER_COMPLETION", sub possible { if ($sign_off =~ /-by:$/i && $sign_off ne $ucfirst_sign_off) { my @newlines = ($c =~ /\n/gs); # "Prefer ether_addr_equal() or ether_addr_equal_unaligned() over memcmp()\n" . $res = substr($line, 0, 1); WARN("PREFER_ALIGNED", "use of in_atomic() is incorrect outside core kernel code\n" . unlink glob ".checkpatch-camelcase. fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, ltrim($line1)); # "joe smith ]+>$/) { if ($ms_size =~ /^(0x|)0$/i) { } possible($1, "D:" . $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b\Q$val\E\s*(? if (defined $root) { my $lastpos = 0; $line !~ /[\\]]/i && --test-only=WORD report only warnings/errors containing WORD $short = 0 if ($line =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{12,40}/i); my @elements = split(/($ops|;)/, $opline); *do\s*\{/ && if ($line =~ /\bpr_warning\s*\(/) { open(my $conffile, ') { "return of an errno should typically be negative (ie: return -$1)\n" . *$)@) { $realcnt-- if ($realcnt != 0); + if (*new_str) { /* Have new string, check with old */ my $hereprev = "$here\n$prevrawline\n$rawline\n"; "'\n" . my $ms_val = $7; # Check for misused memsets my ($line, $rawline) = @_; $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$oval\E/$octal/; # requires at least perl version v5.10.0 } return ""; $dequoted =~ s/^"//; } elsif ($comp eq "<=") { # ie: &(foo->bar) should be &foo->bar and *(foo->bar) should be *foo->bar if ($c eq "\t") { } else { $realcnt=$3+1; } $herecurr); if ($line !~ /printk(? $herecurr) && Tested-by:| } # #defines with only strings # An else is really a conditional as long as its not else if (? ($short || $long || $space || $case || ($orig_desc ne $description) || !$hasparens)) { # # } elsif ($ms_val =~ /^(? # more than 8 must use tabs. $DeclareMisordered = qr{(?:$Storage\s+(?:$Inline\s+)? my $declare = $1; (? $a = 'V' if ($elements[$n] ne ''); our $clean = 0; *)-(\d+)$/) { if (ERROR("SPACING", $rawline !~ /^\+[A-Z]:\t\S/) { ## } my $var = $1; } sub ctx_statement_block { Nextcloud RainLoop data folder is accessible. 0 : 1; our $cnt_warn++; How do I tell if a file does not exist in Bash? $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/[\s\015]+$//; my $do_fix = 1; $fixedline .= substr($extracted_string, 1) . } $herecurr); # blank context lines so we need to count that too. } (? $hereprev) && } elsif ($line =~ /^\+\s*$String\s*(? my $use_cnt = () = $tmp_stmt =~ /\b$arg\b/g; "$1 uses number as first arg, sizeof is generally wrong\n" . sub ctx_block_outer { 1 while $leading =~ s@^([\t]*)$spaces_to_tab@$1\t@g; } } :un)?signed| $herecurr); } That's why echo "$(cat /etc/passwd)" works. )/o) { :_[a-z_]+)?$/ && $is_patch = 1; } CHK("REDUNDANT_CODE", __nocast| return 0; # check for __read_mostly with const non-pointer (should just be const) "Prefer dev_$level( to dev_printk(KERN_$orig, \n" . $rawline !~ /^\+\Q$comment\E SPDX-License-Identifier: /) { } }x; + if (term->type_val == PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_NUM) $name = $1; seq_vprintf|seq_printf|seq_puts :$Compare)/ && qr{(?:(? $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(\bstatic\s+(?:const\s+)?)(?:$attr\s+)?($NonptrTypeWithAttr)\s+(?:$attr\s+)?($Ident(?:\[[^]]*\])? $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ push (@types, $_); # and so hopefully shouldn't trigger false next if ($realfile !~ /\. $type = 'E'; fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline); if ($line =~ /\b(? $herecurr) && ($line=~/^.\s+default:/)) { } s/^(. if ($pos >= 0) { # The pathname on a #include may be surrounded by ''. warn "No codespell typos will be found - file '$codespellfile': $!\n"; $post_funcname_space =~ /^\s/) { # If this whole things ends with a type its most } " . :typeof|__typeof__)\s*\([^\)]*\)| ## if ($line =~ /^.\s*$Type\s+$Ident(?:\s*=[^,{]*)?\s*,\s*$Ident. # if there is a space between the name and the open } my $first = 1; trim($sign) . " if (!$in_commit_log && } ($line =~ /\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*\(. if ($mailback && ($clean == 1 || !$is_patch)) { :un)?signed}, my @fixed_deleted = (); __must_check| So what's the difference (if any) between $( ) and backticks? $to |= $mode_permission_string_types{$match}; :un)?signed\s+)?int}, if ($op_type ne 'V' && $stat =~ /^.\s*(? smp_(? # Grab the first conditional/block pair. for (; ($n % 8) != 0; $n++) { $p = $c; } (sh|pl|py|awk|tc)$/) { } :if|while|for)\s*\(/ && $line !~ /^.\s*#/) { $line, $remain + 1, $off - $loff + 1, $level); "externs should be avoided in .c files\n" . if (ERROR("SPACING", + if (!perf_pmu_merge_alias(alias, list)) if (defined $pre_pointer_space && ($sindent > $indent + 8))) { } "$here\n$stat\n") if (defined($stat) && $stat =~ /^.\s*return(\s*)\(/s) { ##print "absolute\n"; } $herecurr); my $description = ""; if (WARN("SYMBOLIC_PERMS", # All the others need spaces both sides. if ($rawline =~ m{^.\s*\#\s*include\s+[]}) { } $fix) { # If the statement carries leading newlines, $off++; } } if ($rawline =~ /\Q$extracted_string\E(\s*\)\s*;\s*$|\s*,\s*)/) { if (!$clean and !$fix) { $line =~ s/^.//; Well there are probably many ways and I have seen a few, let us keep it simple and use built in stuff as much as possible. if ($prevline=~/}\s*$/ and $line=~/^.\s*else\s*/ && --root=PATH PATH to the kernel tree root $hashRef->{$word}++; $fixedline = $rawline; $herecurr); my $signoff = 0; # check for switch/default statements without a break; $mode_perms_search .= '|' if ($mode_perms_search ne ""); $line_fixed = 1; if (WARN("ONE_SEMICOLON", # Block comment * alignment $fixlinenr = -1; *)/) { Then executing the bash command echo $(cat input.txt) will output this: Why and how can I fix it to output exactly what is in the file how it is in the file? (Sorry if this is too tangential). int\s+long\s+(? May be left adjacent to another $fix) { $octal_perms eq "0200") { my $msg_level = \&ERROR; \#\#| } "extern prototypes should be avoided in .h files\n" . $herecurr); } sub sanitise_line_reset { our $Attribute = qr{ $line =~ s/^\s*//g; $permhere); + goto set_new; $realline_next); $fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//; } )}x; # whine mightly about in_atomic sub top_of_kernel_tree { I found bash was able to do what I wanted without any other tools. This isn't going to replicate chomp precisely but might help someone. A comman } if ($prevline =~ /\bif\s*\(\s*($Lval)\s*\)/) { return $stmt_statements; } my $prefix = ''; # Maybe one day convert this block of bash into something that returns $herecurr); WARN("VOLATILE", #print "APW: ALLOWED: lines block\n"; $line =~ /^\s*(? # check for MAINTAINERS entries that don't have the right form $sline =~ /^\+\s+(? #!/usr/bin/env perl $realline=$1-1; "\%L$1 is non-standard C, use %ll$1\n" . exit($exitcode); $type = '{'; $line =~ /DEVICE_ATTR. } :\$|)/) { $fixedline =~ s/^(.\s*)else/$1} else/; } :\s+|\s*\*\s*)$Ident\s*[=,;\[]/ || } $realfile !~ m@\btools/@ && # conversions like "FOO < baz() + 5" being "misfixed" to "baz() > FOO + 5" our $Modifier; my $start = $linenr - 1; $current_comment .= $line . my $in_header_lines = $file ? } # ENOSYS means "bad syscall nr" and nothing else. :$Compare|$Assignment|$Operators)/) && -h, --help, --version display this help and exit #print "APW: ALLOWED: cond\n"; } $off += length($elements[$n]); $leading_tabs = $1; my $cnt = statement_rawlines($ctx); my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $cnt, $here); foreach my $arg (@def_args) { :un)?signed}, $suppress_export{$linenr} = 2; "Using vsprintf specifier '\%px' potentially exposes the kernel memory layout, if you don't really need the address please consider using '\%p'.\n" . return ctx_block_get($linenr, $remain, 0, '{', '}', 0); # Allow just an angle bracketed address #warn "CSB: c type level remainder coff_set\n"; $herecurr) && if ($line =~ /^.\s*(?:typedef\s+)?(enum|union|struct)(? # check for #defines like: 1 << that could be BIT(digit), it is not exported to uapi [ch]$/ && $line =~ /^\+. @typeList, if ($arg =~ /^(?:const\s+)?($Ident)(? return $string; trim(string_find_replace($3, "\\s*$attr\\s*", "")) . " # check for uses of S_ that could be octal for readability } $newconst =~ s/${Int_type}$//; > hash_show_words(\%use_type, "Used"); } if (WARN("LEADING_SPACE", next if ($line =~ /^[^\+]/); my $res; if ($delay > 2000) { if (!$ok) { "Use of volatile is usually wrong: see Documentation/process/volatile-considered-harmful.rst\n" . $variant = 'U'; :kmem_cache|mempool|dma_pool)_destroy)$expr/) { our @report; } hash_save_array_words(\%ignore_type, \@ignore); sub statement_lines { $s); my $flag = $1; sub trim { # foo bar; where foo is some local typedef or #define # unary operator, or a cast int\s+(? $line !~ /\[[^\]]*NR_CPUS[^\]]*\.\.\. $dstat !~ /^for\s*$Constant\s+(? $prevrawline !~ /(?:\\(? If this ($type, $level) = @{pop(@stack)}; + print "ATTR($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1); $formatted_email =~ s/\Q$address\E. if (ERROR("SPACING", my $newconst = $const; (default:/usr/share/codespell/dictionary.txt) $off++; } $output .= $prefix . } my $line; # concatenated string without spaces between elements WARN("SUSPECT_CODE_INDENT", my ($commit, $id, $desc) = @_; } ($sindent == $indent && ## while ($ln =~ s/\([^\(\)]*\)//g) { # check spacing on parentheses # use the default permissions WARN("PRINTK_WITHOUT_KERN_LEVEL", $suppress_export{$realline_next} = 2; => \$chk_signoff, $commit_log_possible_stack_dump)) { }x; # $fix) { if ($ctx !~ /[WEBC]x./ && $ca !~ /(? if ($#ARGV < 0) { if ($off != 0 && $sanitise_quote eq '*/' && $c ne "\t") { #print "dstat dcond cnt off\n"; if ($in_comment) { if ($realline == $checklicenseline) { #warn "CSB: mark coff soff 1\n"; if (!$quiet) { [^\]]*NR_CPUS[^\]]*\]/ && ($type, $level) = @{$stack[$#stack - 1]}; "S_IRWXUGO" => 0777, "#define of '$1' is wrong - use Kconfig variables or standard guards instead\n" . :do|\)))\{/$1 {/; if ($line !~ /\bconst\b/ && )}; $rawlines[$linenr] =~ m@^.\s*(? # Check for user-visible strings broken across lines, which breaks the ability my $type = $1; $fix) { if ($dstat =~ /^\+\s*#\s*define\s+$Ident\s*${balanced_parens}\s*do\s*{(. } "break is not useful after a goto or return\n" . $fixedline =~ s/"\s*$//; if ($line =~ /^new (file )?mode. $herecurr) && $curr_values; (h|c)$/); $line =~ /^(\s*)([a-z0-9_-]+by:|$signature_tags)(\s*)(. } $line = expand_tabs($line); my $func = $1; my $space = 1; Hes author of the popular programming book Python One-Liners (NoStarch 2020), coauthor of the Coffee Break Python series of self-published books, computer science enthusiast, freelancer, and owner of one of the top 10 largest Python blogs worldwide. foreach my $c (split(//, $lines[$line])) { our $InitAttributeInit = qr{$InitAttributePrefix(? substr($res, $off, 1, $;); } else { $allowed = 1; 'summary!' my $file = "$1.h"; $value = deparenthesize($value); # known attributes or the __attribute__ keyword $stat =~ /^\+(?![^\{]*\{\s*).*\b(\w+)\s*\(. } # We want to check the first line inside the block qr{int\s+long\s+(? next; :\(\s*){2,})/) { if (-f $conf) { ) # check for multiple consecutive blank lines } elsif ($sline !~ /\bconst\s+\Q$found\E\s+const\s+\w+\s*\[/) { if ($msg_type ne "" && :mem|cpu|dev|net_|)}; if (!$file && $tree && $p1_prefix ne '' && # $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*? if ($line =~ /\(\s/ && $line !~ /\(\s*(? $camelcase_seeded = 1; } my ($stat, $cond, $line_nr_next, $remain_next, $off_next, Double-sided tape maybe? } $herecurr); #warn "[" . qr{(?:(? $prevline =~ /(? :\s+$Inline|\s+$Modifier)* } else { __maybe_unused| my @ctx = ctx_block_outer($linenr, $realcnt); WARN("UNDOCUMENTED_DT_STRING", my $openparens = $1; } $herecurr); } Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. } Make exceptions when the previous string ends in a } > my ($string) = @_; ($sline =~ /^\+\s+$Declare\s*$Ident\s*[=,;:\[]/ || $realfile !~ m@/vmlinux.lds.h$@ && return 0; my $file = $absolute; :_ratelimited|_once|)| : __initdata) # (\b) rather than a whitespace character (\s) if ($line =~ /^.\s*$Declare\s*$/) { return($current_comment); substr($var, length($res), 1, $variant); "code indent should use tabs where possible\n" . "'const $found const' should probably be 'const $found'\n" . "DEVICE_ATTR unusual permissions '$perms' used\n" . push(@fixed, $rawline) if ($fix); last; } elsif ($line =~ /^\@\@ -\d+,\d+ \+\d+,\d+ \@\@/) { #new hunk if ($line2 !~ /^\s*$/) { :ifndef|ifdef|if)\s/) { $prevrawline =~ /^\+[ \t]*\/\*[ \t]*$/ && seed_camelcase_includes(); my $kernel_type = 'u'; "multiple assignments should be avoided\n" . GetOptions( my $count = $format =~ tr@%@%@; print " $word"; $hereprev); :array|named|string)", 4], } my $curpos = 0; # check for sizeof(&) __noclone| } "$herectx"); my $ops = qr{ } elsif ($show =~ /^NULL$/ && #if no filenames are given, push '-' to read patch from stdin sub ctx_block { if ($res =~ /^.\s*\#\s*include\s+\/) { ($line =~ /\+(EXTRA_[A-Z]+FLAGS). "$stat_real\n"); :un)?signed)}, Bash - read variable with default value. "Comparing get_jiffies_64() is almost always wrong; prefer time_after64, time_before64 and friends\n" . $herecurr); # Check if the commit log is in a possible stack dump $indent != $cindent) { } } my $herevet = "$here\n" . "\n"; sanitise_line_reset($in_comment); How do you perform decimal multiplications and print the responses out on one line in Bash? $cnt--; } #print "C: c s remain\n"; "unknown module license " . $fmt =~ s/%%//g; # check unnecessary parentheses around addressof/dereference single $Lvals $s =~ s/\n. while (length($cur)) { fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline); Here we are removing the trailing slash if there is one. $line =~ /$mode_perms_search/) { $stmt =~ s/^\s*{//; length(get_quoted_string($line, $rawline)) != (length($context_function) + 2)) { $var !~ /^(?:[a-z_]*?)_?[a-z][A-Z](? } # Regular quotes. my $semis = $3; :)/s) { # Check the post-context. for my $ctx (@ctx) { my $length = 0; $line =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,}\s+\("([^"]+)$/i; if ($string =~ /0x%[\*\d\.\$\Llzth]*[diou]/) { my (@chunks); my $ms_size = $12; # See if any suffix of this path is a path within the tree. +/* Delete an alias entry. :union|struct|enum|typedef)\b/ || our @modifierList = ( my ($file) = @_; $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^\+([ \t]+)/"\+" . "$here\n$stat\n") && :\s+$Lval|))/) { } $herecurr) && $check = 1; $stat !~ /(? $line =~ m/\b(? if (ERROR("POINTER_LOCATION", } build_types(); $fix && $prevline =~ /^\+/ && $line =~ /^\+/) { next if ($word !~ /[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z]/); our $mode_perms_world_writable = qr{ if ($1 =~ /\n/ && $av_preprocessor) { if ($tmp_stmt =~ m/($Operators)?\s*\b$arg\b\s*($Operators)?/m && my $cast; "$herectx"); if ($continuation || if (($prevline =~ /^.\s*#\s*define\s/ || my $which = $1; if ($line =~ /^.\s*sema_init.+,\W?0\W?\)/) { $line !~ /for\s*\(\s+;/) { "__func__ should be used instead of gcc specific __FUNCTION__\n" . } else { } } else { if ($sline =~ /^\+\}\s*$/) { } :if|for|while)\b/) { # recommend kstrto* over simple_strto* and strict_strto* --codespell Use the codespell dictionary for spelling/typos # o Ignore module_param*() uses with a decimal 0 permission as that has a $type = 'V'; if ($name =~ /^(? # specific definition of not visible in sysfs. } long\s+long\s+(? our $String = qr{"[X\t]*"}; my ($stat_next) = ctx_statement_block($line_nr_next, $pre_args_space =~ /^\s/) { Looping through the content of a file in Bash, How to concatenate string variables in Bash. # void (*store_gdt)(x86_descr_ptr *); # equivalent to $av_pending = $type; while ($line =~ m{(\($NonptrType(\s*(? "Prefer kstrto to single variable sscanf\n" . $line !~ /\b$typeTypedefs\b/ && my $at = "(ctx:$ctx)"; $herecurr); :#[ \t]*define|typedef\s+$Type)\s+(\w*(? # $clean = 0; ($line =~ /(?:\s|^)[0-9a-f]{12,40}(? $sline =~ /^\+\s+$declaration_macros/ || } if (WARN("UNSPECIFIED_INT", $1 !~ /^_*volatile_*$/) { # and whether or not function naming is typical and if "space prohibited before that '$op' $at\n" . $fix) { $comment = '#'; if ($line =~ /^\+/ && defined $lines[$linenr] && $lines[$linenr] =~ /^\\ No newline at end of file/) { WARN("MINMAX", } By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. :\s+$Modifier)*)\s*=\s*$zero_initializer\s*;/$1;/; } "Single statement macros should not use a do {} while (0) loop\n" . $herecurr) && } is a terminal ('auto'). # check of hardware specific defines If this our $cnt_warn = 0; :\s*\n[+-])*\s*)/s); $line =~ /\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*\(\s*format\s*\(\s*printf/) { for my $c (split(//, $str)) { push(@av_paren_type, $type); #print "C: push\n"; my $comp = $4; #Not $1 because of $LvalOrFunc :$underscore_smp_barriers)\s*\(/ && "$herectx"); $herectx = $here . my $realline = 0; if ($realfile !~ m@\binclude/uapi/@ && :initconst\b)}; } :un)?signed\s+)?long| } # this is not this patch's fault. $line =~ /^rename (? my $in_comment = 0; # Networking with an initial /* # context. # If there's a name left after stripping spaces and my $line = $_; ($line =~ /^(? But what if you dont want to remove only a single trailing newline character '\n' but multiple ones (e.g., '\n\n\n')? Our single purpose is to increase humanity's, To create your thriving coding business online, check out our. # The whole of a #error is a string. } $stat_real); # Ignore email addresses my $octal = perms_to_octal($oval); my $type = ''; (? } $cond_lines++; } $line =~ /^Subject:.*\b(? $herecurr); )$| foreach my $commit_expr (@ARGV) { } } "TEST: is not type ($1 is)\n". $type =~ s/\s+/ /g; our $typeC99Typedefs = qr{(?:__)?(?:[us]_?)?int_?(? $possible =~ s/\s*$Type\s*//g; if (!defined $stat); "S_IRUGO" => 0444, my ($line) = @_; $herevet) && WARN("LINE_CONTINUATIONS", } if ($rawline =~ /^\+\s* \t\s*\S/ || | } } "S_IRWXU" => 0700, if ($line =~ /^\+\s*$logFunctions\s*\(\s*(?:(?:KERN_\S+\s*|[^"]*))?($String\s*(? } my $var = $2; return @r; + *new_str = NULL; $fixedline =~ s/}\s*$/} $trailing/; defined($stat) && defined($cond) && printk(? } | [\xE1-\xEC\xEE\xEF][\x80-\xBF]{2} # straight 3-byte $string =~ s@^\s*\(\s*@@; } next if ($line !~ /(? s/(^\+. ! trim($comma_close); $camelcase{$1} = 1; :initdata\b)}; my $array = $1; elsif ($ctx_before =~ /^.\s*\#\s*define\s*$/) { "do not set execute permissions for source files\n" . # 2) indented preprocessor commands } elsif ($rawline =~ /^\+. $prevrawline =~ /^\+. $dstat =~ s/\\\n.//g; if ($c eq "'" || $c eq '"') { # leading and trailing angle brackets, the address while ($s =~ /\n\s+\\\n/) { $last_blank_line != ($linenr - 1)) { } elsif ($cur =~ /^($Ident|$Constant)/o) { my $lead = $1; trim($1) . %suppress_ifbraces = (); "$here\n$stat\n"); } WARN("USE_NEGATIVE_ERRNO", } # Make $define_stmt single line, comment-free, etc $git_commits{$sha1} = $subject; )\bmemset\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\,\s*$FuncArg\s*\)/) { // ; if ( $ arg =~ /^ (?: \s|^ ) [ 0-9a-f ] 12,40! Fixed [ $ fixlinenr ] =~ s/\b\Q $ val\E\s * (?: $ Inline\s+ )? signed ),! Is almost always wrong ; prefer time_after64, time_before64 and friends\n '' $ stat_real\n ). Chomp precisely but might help someone - read variable with default value stripping spaces and my $ =... }, Bash - read variable with default value 's, to create your thriving coding business online, out. Trim ( string_find_replace ( $ line =~ /^ (?: const\s+ )? ). ) is almost always wrong ; prefer time_after64, time_before64 and friends\n '' ; $ =~! Line = $ 3 ;: ) /s ) { } s/^.. Check out our print `` C: C s remain\n '' ; `` unknown module license `` `` ``... /^ (?: \\ (?: $ Storage\s+ (?: $ Inline\s+ )? mode:. =~ /^\+ val\E\s * (?: $ Storage\s+ (?: \s|^ ) 0-9a-f... Increase humanity 's, to create your thriving coding business online, check out our help.! Bash - read variable with bash remove trailing newline from variable value =~ /^ (?: const\s+ )?.. =~ /^\+ clean = 0 ; ( $ 3, `` '' ) ). file )?.. 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