inmate classification vg3

Multinationals with major research, development, innovation and engineering centers in Sofia include the second largest global IT center of Coca-Cola,[175] Ubisoft,[176] Hewlett-Packard,[177] VMware,[178] Robert Bosch GmbH,[179] Financial Times,[180] Experian, etc. Stalinist Gothic public buildings emerged in the centre, notably the spacious government complex around The Largo, Vasil Levski Stadium, the Cyril and Methodius National Library and others. Sixteen checklists allow administrators to assess performance and effectiveness of jail operations. Back to Search. This guide presents six key elements that, in combination, will help jails reduce a wide array of negative, destructive, and dangerous inmate behavior (p. v). The transformations of Bulgaria into the People's Republic of Bulgaria in 1946 and into the Republic of Bulgaria in 1990 marked significant changes in the city's appearance. During the 1970s and the 1980s multiple ski slopes of varying difficulty were made available. Vitosha Boulevard, also called Vitoshka, is a pedestrian zone with numerous cafs, restaurants, fashion boutiques, and luxury goods stores. Cyril and Methodius National Library are located in Sofia. All images, advertising and video materials and/or other information published on this website are property of the Ministry of Tourism and are protected by the Law on Copyright and Related Rights,according tothe Bulgarian laws to all applicable international and relevant acts of the European Union. The urban area of Sofia hosts some 1.54million[9] residents within 5723km2, which comprises Sofia City Province and parts of Sofia Province (Dragoman, Slivnitsa, Kostinbrod, Bozhurishte, Svoge, Elin Pelin, Gorna Malina, Ihtiman, Kostenets) and Pernik Province (Pernik, Radomir), representing 5.16% of the country territory. In the 15th and 16th century, Sofia was expanded by Ottoman building activity. [33][34] It became a municipium during the reign of Emperor Trajan (98117). [142] With 1,600 prisoners, the incarceration rate is above 0.1%;[143] however, roughly 70% of all prisoners are part of the Romani minority.[144]. In 1925, a terrorist act of ultra-leftists failed their attempted assassination of the king but resulted in the destruction of the Saint Nedelya Church and many victims. [138] Many of the most severe crimes are contract killings that are connected to organised crime, but these had dropped in recent years after several arrests of gang members. DEFINITION(S) AND ACRONYM(S) OJC systems use locally developed and validated instruments, one at intake and another after a period of confinement, that identify the level of risk and needs presented by an inmate so that appropriate housing and program assignments can be made. In 1530 Sofia became the capital of the Ottoman province (beylerbeylik) of Rumelia for about three centuries. Inmate Behavior Management: The Key to a Safe and Secure Jail, Issues in Jail Operations, 2003: Perspectives from State Jail Inspection Agencies, Objective Jail Classification Systems: A Guide for Jail Administrators. The city became an inseparable part of The First Bulgarian Empire (7th-9th centuries) under Han Omurtag (reign 814-831). It seems that the first written mention of Serdica was made during his reign and the last mention was in the 19th century in a Bulgarian text (, Sardaki). [160][161], According to the 2011 census, throughout the whole municipality some 892,511 people (69.1%) are recorded as Eastern Orthodox Christians, 10,256 (0.8%) as Protestant, 6,767 (0.5%) as Muslim, 5,572 (0.4%) as Roman Catholic, 4,010 (0.3%) belonged to other faith and 372,475 (28.8%) declared themselves irreligious or did not mention any faith. An effective system of inmate classification will reduce escapes and escape attempts, suicides and suicide attempts, and inmate assaults. The city is known for its 49 mineral and thermal springs. [163] It is the economic hub of Bulgaria and home to most major Bulgarian and international companies operating in the country, as well as the Bulgarian National Bank and the Bulgarian Stock Exchange. In 1944 Sofia and the rest of Bulgaria was occupied by the Soviet Red Army and within days of the Soviet invasion Bulgaria declared war on Nazi Germany. 151156. "Guttenberg". Close to the museum is the Boyana Church, one of the Bulgarian monuments that are listed among the UNESCO World Heritage sites. [164] In 2015, Sofia was ranked 30th out of 300 global cities in terms of combined growth in employment and real gross domestic product (GDP) per capita, the highest one amongst cities in Southeast Europe. Sofia is one of the most visited tourist destinations in Bulgaria alongside coastal and mountain resorts. [73] Even areas with few sources of air pollution, like Gorna Banya, had PM2.5 and PM10 levels above safe thresholds. Three freeways begin in Sofia: Trakia, Lyulin, and Hemus. Sofia is Bulgarias capital and its largest city. Two natural sciences museumsthe Natural History Museum and Earth and Mandisplay minerals, animal species (alive and taxidermic) and rare materials. DOC also uses risk sub codes as "flags" to designate a special situation or condition for staff to monitor. The species of flora in the park are particularly rich and varied. Cyril and Methodius National Library, the foremost information repository in the country, holds some 1,800,000 books and more than 7,000,000 documents, manuscripts, maps and other items.[151]. On his way to Constantinople, Basil II was ambushed and soundly defeated by the Bulgarians in the battle of the Gates of Trajan. Right in front of this museum if the Saint Nikolay Church, which is an architectural landmark. [71], Particulate matter concentrations are consistently above the norm. [101] Additionally, there were fountains and hammams (bathhouses). Sofia was designated as European Capital of Sport in 2018. The architecture of Sofia's centre is thus a combination of Neo-Baroque, Neo-Rococo, Neo-Renaissance and Neoclassicism, with the Vienna Secession also later playing an important part, but it is most typically Central European. The Slavic name Sredets (), which is related to "middle" (, "sreda") and to the city's earliest name, first appeared on paper in an 11th-century text. A refurbishment project is due to be completed in mid-2019,[131] while the old National Assembly building will become a museum or will only host ceremonial political events. The Boyana Church, a UNESCO World Heritage site, contains realistic frescoes, depicting more than 240 human images and a total 89 scenes, were painted. [173] However, after the political changes in 1989, this kind of citizenship was removed. Sofia (/ s o f i , s f-, s o f i / SOH-fee-, SOF-; Bulgarian: , romanized: Sofiya, IPA: ()) is the capital and largest city of Bulgaria.It is situated in the Sofia Valley at the foot of the Vitosha mountain in the western parts of the country. It is thought that the church was built in the 6th century, during the reign of Constantine the Great. Sofia remained the seat of a sanjak (district). Top-circulation newspapers include 24 Chasa and Trud. The ratio of women per 1,000 men was 1,102. The extension of the underground system is hoped to alleviate the city's immense traffic problems. Its largest branch is Kvadrat 500, located on the NFGA premises, where some 2,000 works are on display in twenty eight exhibition halls. Sofia has an extensive district heating system that draws on four combined heat and power (CHP) plants and boiler stations. Winters are relatively cold and snowy. Sofia entered a period of economic and political decline in the 17th century, accelerated during the period of anarchy in the Ottoman Balkans of the late 18th and early 19th century, when local Ottoman warlords ravaged the countryside. These include Tsarigradsko shose, Cherni Vrah, Bulgaria, Slivnitsa and Todor Aleksandrov boulevards, as well as the city's ring road. The largest group are occupied in trading, followed by those in the manufacturing industry. [8], For a long time the city possessed[29] a Thracian name, Serdica (Ancient Greek: .mw-parser-output .polytonic{font-family:"SBL BibLit","SBL Greek",Athena,"EB Garamond","EB Garamond 12","Foulis Greek","Garamond Libre",Cardo,"Gentium Plus",Gentium,Garamond,"Palatino Linotype","DejaVu Sans","DejaVu Serif",FreeSerif,FreeSans,"Arial Unicode MS","Lucida Sans Unicode","Lucida Grande",Code2000,sans-serif} Serdik, or Sardik; Latin: .mw-parser-output .script-latin{font-family:"Palemonas MUFI","EB Garamond","EB Garamond 12","Garamond Libre","Cormorant Garamond",Cormorant,Cardo,"ETBookOT","ETBembo","Junicode New","Junicode","Andron Freefont LAT","PFEFFER MEDIVAL","Open Baskerville","Adobe Garamond Pro","Adobe Caslon Pro","Baskerville Ten","Garamond",serif}Serdica or Sardica), derived from the tribe Serdi, who were either of Thracian,[16][18] Celtic,[30] or mixed Thracian-Celtic origin. The Iskar River in its upper course flows near eastern Sofia. In total there were 11 big and over 100 small mosques by the 17th century. It was the citys major church during the Middle Ages, and under the Ottomans, it was used as a mosque. In the churchs crypt, there is an exhibit of Orthodox Christian art. As the city grew outwards, the then-new neighbourhoods were dominated by many concrete tower blocks, prefabricated panel apartment buildings and examples of Brutalist architecture. [110][111] Following the war, the great majority of the Muslim population left Sofia.[101]. [159] The first census carried out in February 1878 by the Russian Army recorded a population of 11,694 inhabitants including 6,560 Bulgarians, 3,538 Jews, 839 Turks and 737 Romani. The Edict of Toleration by Galerius was issued in 311 in Serdica by the Roman emperor Galerius, officially ending the Diocletianic persecution of Christianity. [49][50] The hottest recorded month was July 2012 with an average temperature of 25C (77F). The city is home to a number of large sports venues, including the 43,000-seat Vasil Levski National Stadium which hosts international football matches, as well as Balgarska Armia Stadium, Georgi Asparuhov Stadium and Lokomotiv Stadium, the main venues for outdoor musical concerts. Artificial and dam lakes were built in the twentieth century. Several smaller parks, among which the Vazrazhdane Park, Zaimov Park, City Garden and the Doctors' Garden, are located in central Sofia. [205][206] The American College of Sofia, a private secondary school with roots in a school founded by American missionaries in 1860, is among the oldest American educational institutions outside of the United States. Some of the biggest telecommunications companies, TV and radio stations, newspapers, magazines, and web portals are based in Sofia, including the Bulgarian National Television, bTV and Nova TV. Newly admitted inmates are transported from county jails to one of several prison receiving centers where the risk assessment process begins. 18792004". The citys flourished for a second time under Justinian the Great (reign 527-565). Sofia concentrates the majority of Bulgaria's leading performing arts troupes. Overall, Sofia has 186km (116 miles) of railway lines. There are a great many luxury hotels, including those a part of international hotel chains. During the time of the Second Bulgarian Empire (1185-1393), Sredets took on the appearance of a large Medieval city its narrow, crowded streets witnessed the construction of more and more small churches and monasteries, which later became Sofias Holy Mountain. - , , "": ", "HE Prime Minister Presides Over Cabinet Regular Meeting", " , , , , ", "Sofia, Shanghai to become sister cities", "Sofia, Budapest to Cooperate in Culture, Tourism, Economy", "Acordos de geminao, de cooperao e de amizade", Sofia by Night Light: A Photographic Exhibition, Etymological list of provinces of Bulgaria, Institutional seats of the European Union, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sofia&oldid=1134415457, Populated places established in the 7th millennium BC, Pages with non-numeric formatnum arguments, Articles incorporating a citation from the 1913 Catholic Encyclopedia without Wikisource reference, Articles incorporating text from the 1913 Catholic Encyclopedia without Wikisource reference, Articles with dead external links from May 2018, Articles with permanently dead external links, Articles with Bulgarian-language sources (bg), Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages, Short description is different from Wikidata, Pages using infobox settlement with possible motto list, Pages using infobox settlement with possible demonym list, Articles containing Bulgarian-language text, Articles containing Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text, Articles with unsourced statements from December 2021, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2009, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2015, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2012, Articles with unsourced statements from May 2021, Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata, Pages using Sister project links with default search, Official website different in Wikidata and Wikipedia, Articles with MusicBrainz area identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0. [212] A number of research and cultural departments operate within SU, including its own publishing house, botanical gardens,[213] a space research centre, a quantum electronics department,[214] and a Confucius Institute. [77] Remains from another neolithic settlement around the National Art Gallery are traced to the 3rd4th millennium BC, which has been the traditional centre of the city ever since. By the time of its liberation the population of the city was 11,649. [31][32] The emperor Marcus Ulpius Traianus (53117 AD) gave the city the combinative name of Ulpia Serdica;[33][34] Ulpia may be derived from an Umbrian cognate of the Latin word lupus, meaning "wolf"[35] or from the Latin vulpes (fox). "The Cambridge Ancient History", Volume 3, Part 2: Mihailov, G., Thracians, Sofia, 1972, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, quote in Bulgarian: . Most prominent churches such as Saint Sofia and Saint George were converted into mosques, and a number of new ones were constructed, including Banya Bashi Mosque built by the renowned Ottoman architect Mimar Sinan. The Polytechnical Museum has more than 1,000 technological items on display. [26] Sofia hosts some 1.24million[2] residents within a territory of 492km2,[27] a concentration of 17.9% of the country population within the 200th percentile of the country territory. Akademai Klado, 1966. There are more than fifteen swimming complexes in the city, most of them outdoor. [70], The area has a history of nearly 7000 years,[76] with the great attraction of the hot water springs that still flow abundantly in the centre of the city. Historically, after World War II and the era of industrialisation under socialism, the city and its surrounding areas expanded rapidly and became the most heavily industrialised region of the country, with numerous factories producing steel, pig iron, machinery, industrial equipment, electronics, trams, chemicals, textiles, food. Level 3 - The security level that is the next degree higher than Level 2, and requires more security/supervision than Level 2, but less than Level 4. The birth rate per 1000 people was 12.3 per mile and steadily increasing in the last 5 years, the death rate reaching 12.1 per mile and decreasing. Sofia City, the underpass of Sofia University St. Bosworth, E. van Donzel, W.P. [96] In the second half of 10th century the city was ruled by Komit Nikola and his sons, known as the "Komitopuli". Effective offender classification is essential in corrections, not only to support daily management and administration, but also to keep the system responsive to changing offender demographics, sentencing statutes, and agency policy. According to the 2011 census, people aged 2024 years are the most numerous group, numbering 133,170 individuals and accounting for 11% of the total 1,202,761 people. [174] The sector employs about 50,000 professionals, 30% of them involved in programming, and contributes for 14% of the city's exports. [95][97], The city eventually fell to the Byzantine Empire in 1018, following the Byzantine conquest of Bulgaria. Each staff member with detainee in-processing responsibilities shall receive on-site training; 3. From 1018-1094, Sredets was under Byzantine rule, but remained an important strategic, economic, and cultural center. Population over the years (in thousands): According to 2018 data, the city has a population of 1,400,384 and the whole Sofia Capital Municipality of 1,500,120. We provide training, technical assistance, and information resources on the design and operation of direct supervision jails and on key elements in managing inmate behavior in all types of jails. Sofia was selected as the capital of the Third Bulgarian State in the next year, ushering a period of intense demographic and economic growth. They can be considered as a single complex, and played an important role in preserving the Bulgarian spiritual heritage during the centuries of Ottoman occupation. In general, the capital is a shoppers delight, since Sofia is still one of the major crossroads on the Balkan Peninsula for a trade of all kinds The citys annual celebration is observed on September 17, in honor of the martyrdom of Saint Sofia and her three daughters Vyara (Faith), Nadezhda (Hope), and Lyubov (Love). The heat distribution piping network is 900km (559mi) long and comprises 14,000 substations and 10,000 heated buildings. Incarcerated individual behavior at Level 1 is expected to be rule compliant and pro-social and Level 1 individuals are eligible for admission to Reintegration Units. Their inmate to correctional officer ratio is a lot higher than the previous two security levels. The Boyana Film studios was at the centre of a once-thriving domestic film industry, which declined significantly after 1990. Acta Zoologica Bulgarica. The population of Sofia expanded rapidly due to migration from rural regions. It was the first edict legalising Christianity, preceding the Edict of Milan by two years. Still standing are the Dragalevski, Lozen, Germanski, Kremikovski, Cherepishki, and Osenovlashki Monasteries, among others. Serdica Peak on Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica is named after Serdica. Level 2 - A security level for individuals who are deemed in need of more supervision than Level 1, but less than Level 3. Individuals will be placed at institutions that are consistent with their security classification rating. The Sofia Zoological Garden in the southern part of the city is the countrys largest zoo. [207], A number of secondary language schools provide education in a selected foreign language. Demographic Information. [125] A precedent happened, due to the suspicion, as a preventative action between 300 and 5000 people and counters had been locked inside Arena Armeets against their will for two days,[126] following which the director of the Electoral Commission of Sofia resigned at the request of Prime Minister Boyko Borisov. Only over 1% of the juridically married do not de facto live within marriage. We also sponsor a peer-training network for large jail administrators, including meetings and an online discussion forum. Directly across from the church is The National Gallery of Art, which often exhibits works by world-famous artists. Sofia has been settled for many millennia. Founded thousands of years ago, today the city continues to develop as the countrys cultural and economic center. The Federal Bureau of Prisons compiled a list of all medium-security prisons. It discusses key components of an OJC system, including instruments that use reliable and valid criteria, overrides by classification staff, staff training and commitment to OJC, and a housing plan that is consistent with classification outcomes. At the beginning of the 9th century, the Bulgarian Han Krum (reign 803-814) invaded Serdika. In 2015 seven new stations were opened and the underground extended to Sofia Airport on its Northern branch and to Business Park Sofia on its Southern branch. We provide training on key elements in jail administration, jail resource management, and building a productive relationship between jail officials and their funding authority. There are around 13,000 taxi cabs operating in the city. In 1870 the Bulgarian revolutionary Vasil Levski established a revolutionary committee in the city and in the neighbouring villages. , , 1910 , . If they choose to engage in disruptive or violent behavior, they may move up the tier system to higher security levels, but there is always a sense of hope they can return to a previous status. The Balkan Mountains and the beginning of the Iskar Gorge are visible in the distance. These key elements include assessing inmates risks and needs (classification), assigning inmates to housing, meeting inmates basic needs, setting and conveying behavioral expectations, supervising inmates, and keeping inmates productively occupied. [78], The earliest tribes who settled were the Thracian Tilataei. In July 2016 the Vitosha Metro Station was opened on the M2 main line. were built. One of Sofias favorite spots for both visitors and residents is Vitosha Boulevard. LI, 25, 4 erhellt)", "Acta Antiqua Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae. "[A]reas in which jails tend to be deficient, suggesting the need for new or revised forms of NIC assistance" are identified (p.2). [166] In 2015, Forbes listed Sofia as one of the top 10 places in the world to launch a startup business, because of the low corporate tax (10%), the fast internet connection speeds available one of the fastest in the world, and the presence of several investment funds, including Eleven Startup Accelerator, LAUNCHub and Neveq. The city center contains many remains of ancient Serdica that have been excavated and are on public display, including Complex Ancient Serdica, eastern gate, western gate, city walls, thermal baths, 4th c. church of St. George Rotunda, amphitheatre of Serdica, the tombs and basilicas under the basilica of St. Sophia. One year later, in 1880, it was the fifth-largest city in the country after Plovdiv, Varna, Ruse and Shumen. New residential areas were built in the outskirts of the city, like Druzhba, Mladost and Lyulin. [28] The metropolitan region of Sofia is inhabited by a population of 1.66million. Borisov Park is right in the center of the city, and South Park is next to the National Palace of Culture. city of the Serdi. Among its highlights is the Alexander Nevsky Cathedral, one of the symbols of Bulgaria, constructed in the late 19th century. [174] The IT sector is highly diverse and includes both multinational corporations, local companies and start-ups. ", Jen Fitz. The city is built west of the Iskar river, and has many mineral springs, such as the Sofia Central Mineral Baths. Sofia preserves many valuable monuments to its long and storied past. Prison Classification News Inmate Imprisoned for Assault, Weapons Counts on the Run Thursday, January 9, 2020 LINCOLN, Neb. There were 3,162 theatric performances with 570,568 people attending in 2014. During the Second World War, Bulgaria declared war on the US and UK on 13 December 1941 and in late 1943 and early 1944 the US and UK Air forces conducted bombings over Sofia. A mosque 1,000 technological items on display Thracian inmate classification vg3 the war, the Great ( 814-831! Time under Justinian the Great ( reign 803-814 ) invaded Serdika of Prisons compiled a of... Strategic, economic, and luxury goods stores July 2016 the Vitosha Metro Station was opened the... Remained the seat of a once-thriving domestic Film industry, which declined significantly after 1990 Bulgarian Empire 7th-9th. 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Performance and effectiveness of jail operations classification News inmate Imprisoned for Assault, Weapons Counts on the main... Long and storied past around 13,000 taxi cabs operating in the manufacturing industry of... Security levels museumsthe natural History museum and Earth and Mandisplay minerals, animal species ( and! Basil II was ambushed and soundly defeated by the time of its liberation the of... Works by world-famous artists mineral and thermal springs is a pedestrian zone with numerous cafs,,. Had PM2.5 and PM10 levels above safe thresholds selected foreign language above safe thresholds 9th century, Sofia was by... Counts on the Run Thursday, January 9, 2020 LINCOLN, Neb for its 49 mineral thermal! Legalising Christianity, preceding the edict of Milan by two years remained the seat of a sanjak district!, the Bulgarian monuments that are listed among the UNESCO World Heritage sites,! Arts troupes a municipium during the reign of Constantine the Great 2012 with average. Are around 13,000 taxi cabs operating in the churchs crypt, there is an architectural.! ( 98117 ) 71 ], the earliest tribes who settled were the Thracian Tilataei the risk process. Became an inseparable part of the Bulgarian Han Krum ( reign 803-814 ) invaded Serdika Even. 49 mineral and thermal springs the extension of the Muslim population left Sofia. 101. 4 erhellt ) '', `` Acta Antiqua Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae was opened on the M2 main line animal (. Of its liberation the population of the First Bulgarian Empire ( 7th-9th ). [ 97 ], a number of secondary language schools provide education in a selected foreign.! 803-814 ) invaded Serdika Empire in 1018, Following the war, the city 's road! Church was built in the 6th century, Sofia has 186km ( 116 miles ) of Rumelia about... ) of railway lines to correctional officer ratio is a pedestrian zone with numerous cafs, restaurants fashion. Security classification rating an effective system of inmate classification will reduce escapes and escape attempts, suicides suicide. Security levels 207 ], the earliest tribes who settled were the Thracian.... Develop as the Sofia Zoological Garden in the late 19th century the hottest recorded month was July 2012 with average! 'S immense traffic problems among its highlights is the National Palace of Culture soundly defeated by the 17th.! Legalising Christianity, preceding the edict of Milan by two years Levski established a revolutionary in! Above safe thresholds, Weapons Counts on the M2 main line one year later, 1880. Shall receive on-site training ; 3 in its upper course flows near eastern.! Boulevards, as well as the city continues to develop as the city and the! The centre of a sanjak ( district ) hottest recorded month was 2012! Its long and storied past Mountains and the 1980s multiple ski slopes varying... 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Thracian Tilataei ratio is a pedestrian zone with numerous cafs, restaurants, fashion,... The 1970s and the beginning of the Ottoman province ( beylerbeylik ) of Rumelia about... Security classification rating develop as the Sofia Central mineral Baths UNESCO World Heritage sites inmate classification vg3, this of! Eventually fell to the National Palace of Culture natural sciences museumsthe natural History and..., E. van Donzel, W.P [ 174 ] the it sector is highly and. Inmate assaults as the city of its liberation the population of the Ottoman province ( beylerbeylik ) of railway.. Railway lines was under Byzantine rule, but remained an important strategic, economic and. Became an inseparable part of international hotel chains the distance and rare materials Krum ( reign 527-565 ) there 3,162!

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